Golf Club Head and Method of Manufacturing

ABSTRACT

A system and method relate to methods for matching a set of golf club shafts for a set of golf clubs. Other embodiments are disclosed herein.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/876,508, filed Oct. 22, 2007, which is acontinuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/721,854,filed Nov. 24, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,300,358.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to golf clubs. More specifically, the disclosurerelates to methods of optimizing the flexibility of a plurality of golfclub shafts that comprise a set of golf clubs.

BACKGROUND

It is well-known that golf clubs can be designed to suit the needs of aplurality of golfers, which span a broad range of skill levels. Forexample, golf club manufacturers have designed golf club heads for lessskilled or practiced players to include, in some instances, a largerclub face. Golf clubs that employ a relatively larger hitting area areoften intended to minimize the unwanted effects of “miss-hits,” whichare more prevalent among less practiced or skilled players. In addition,golf clubs designed for less practiced or skilled players often employan “offset” club head—especially for the low to mid-irons. An “offset”club head provides more time during a swing to square the club head tothe ball just before impact, which increases the possibility of astraight ball flight.

Optimizing golf clubs to accommodate the needs of various skill levelshas not been restricted to club head design. Indeed, golf club designersand manufacturers have devoted a considerable amount of time, money andeffort to optimizing golf club shafts as well. In particular, shaftshave been designed in ways to address certain characteristics that areprevalent among golfers of high, medium and low skill levels.

Specifically, it has been found that less practiced or skilled playersoften exhibit a relatively slower swing speed when compared to moreskilled players. It is also well-known that golfers having relativelyslower swing speeds may benefit from a more flexible shaft, whereasgolfers having relatively higher swing speeds, typically, may benefitfrom using more rigid shafts. Shaft flex is a measurement of the amountto which a shaft will bend under a certain load. When a player swings agolf club, the mass of the club head and the velocity of the swing causethe shaft to flex. Shaft flex can play an important role in thetrajectory and distance that a ball travels, as well as the “feel” thata golfer experiences when swinging a club and striking a ball.

In addition, shaft flex can influence the amount of control that agolfer may have over the relative direction that a golf ball travels.Specifically, more rigid golf club shafts have been found to providegolfers with relatively higher swing speeds with a greater level ofcontrol over their golf shots. More flexible golf club shafts, however,may enable less practiced or skilled players, or players with relativelyslower swing speeds, to increase the velocity of the golf club head atball impact. An increase in club head velocity, of course, may enablesuch golfers to hit the ball a greater distance. In light of theforegoing, golf club designers and manufacturers have, generally,designed and offered golf clubs having shafts with greater flexibilityfor golfers with slower swing speeds and shafts with lesser flexibilityfor golfers having higher swing speeds and greater skill levels.

Another golf club design factor is the loft of the club head. The loftof a club is typically defined as the angle between the face of the golfclub and the center line of the hosel. A set of golf clubs typicallyincludes one or more “woods,” a set of irons, and wedges. The woods mayinclude, for example, a driver (1-wood), 2-wood, 3-wood, 4-wood, 5-wood,6-wood, 7-wood, or any combination thereof. Additionally, golf clubmanufacturers offer woods based upon the loft of the club, and do notalways identify woods by numbers (e.g., 3-wood, 5-wood). Golf club ironsoften include 3 through 9 irons, and sometimes 1 and 2 irons. Wedgesoften include a pitching wedge, sand wedge, gap wedge and/or a lobwedge, and in recent years a variety of specialty wedges and hybrid-typegolf club heads have been offered in the marketplace.

The loft of each wood, and the loft of each iron, hybrid, and wedge,typically, differ from one another in a set. For example, a driveralways has a lower degree-loft than a 3-wood in a set of clubs, and a3-wood will always have a lower degree-loft than a 5-wood in a set ofclubs. Likewise, a 3-iron will always have a lower degree-loft than a4-iron in a set of clubs, and a 4-iron will always have a lowerdegree-loft than a 5-iron in a set of clubs. The degree-loft affects theeffective trajectory that can be imparted on a golf ball by the club. Ingeneral, the higher the loft of a club head, the higher the effectivetrajectory of the ball that has been struck by the club.

The different woods, hybrids, irons, and wedges that comprise a set ofclubs are designed to address a plurality of golf shots that may beneeded or desired. Drivers, for example, are typically used to hit agolf ball as far as possible. Similarly, wedges are often used to hit aball a short distance. For purposes of illustration only, the greaterthe degree of loft of a club, the lesser distance the ball willtypically travel.

Until now, golf club designers have, typically, categorized shaftdesigns into two general categories: (i) shafts designed for driversand/or woods; and (ii) shafts designed for irons and wedges. For years,golf club manufacturers have designed and specified shafts for driversand woods to be, generally, more flexible when compared to iron andwedge shafts for the same set of clubs. As stated, the more flexibleshafts may allow golfers to hit the ball further than would be possiblewith more rigid shafts, which is typically the purpose behind hitting adriver or wood.

When golf club shafts were fitted for a particular golfer, regardless ofthe golfer's swing speed, one type of shaft (having a particularflexibility) was selected for the driver and woods, while a second typeof shaft (having, most often, a lesser flexibility) was chosen for ironsand wedges. This is consistent with the desire to employ greatershaft-flex in drivers and woods to hit the ball further. The additionalvariable of adding increased shaft-flex can also affect the accuracy ofa golf club, depending of course upon the skill of the particulargolfer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of themultiple flex shaft system and method for golf clubs, wherein the rangeof flexibility exhibited by a plurality of shafts that comprise each ofa plurality of categories of shafts vary, wherein the amount of suchvariability in range of flexibility among the several categories isirregular;

FIG. 2: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of the systemand method, wherein the range of flexibility exhibited by a plurality ofshafts that comprise each of a plurality of categories of shafts vary,wherein the amount of such variability in range of flexibility among theseveral categories is consistent;

FIG. 3: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of the systemand method, wherein the variance in shaft flexibility among the severalshafts that comprise each category is irregular;

FIG. 4: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of the systemand method, wherein the variance in shaft flexibility among the severalshafts that comprise each category is irregular, wherein the variance inshaft flexibility between respective golf clubs of two or morecategories also varies;

FIG. 5: Chart illustrating a method by which the estimated range offlexibility exhibited by a plurality of shafts that comprise a categoryof shafts can be calculated;

FIG. 6: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of the systemand method, which illustrates five categories of shafts that are,preferably, optimized for golfers with different swing speeds;

FIG. 7: Chart summarizing one of the preferred embodiments of the systemand method, which illustrates five categories of shafts that are,preferably, optimized for golfers of different skill levels;

FIG. 8: Chart illustrating a linear relationship of four sets offlex-matched golf club shafts when plotting a shaft length versus a flexdisplacement under a constant load;

FIG. 9: Chart illustrating a non-linear relationship of the four sets offlex-matched golf club shafts of FIG. 8 when plotting a shaft lengthversus a frequency of a shaft for each shaft in a golf club set;

FIG. 10: Chart illustrating how the measurement for each golf club shaftlies within a predetermined variation of the line that represents thelinear relationship of the set of golf club shafts,

FIG. 11: Chart illustrating the flex matching profile for differentindividuals;

FIG. 12: Chart illustrating the non-linear relationship between shaftflexibility and shaft frequency;

FIGS. 13-18: Depict flow diagrams representative of a manner to providea flex-matched set of golf clubs for an individual according to anembodiment; and

FIG. 19: Depicts a flow diagram representative of a manner to provide aflex-matched set of golf clubs for an individual according to anotherembodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will describe in detail several preferred embodiments ofthe multiple flex shaft system and method for golf clubs. Theseembodiments are provided by way of explanation only, and thus, shouldnot unduly restrict the scope of the system or method. In fact, those ofordinary skill in the art will appreciate upon reading the presentspecification and viewing the present drawings that the system andmethod teaches many variations and modifications, and that numerousvariations of the system or method may be employed, used and madewithout departing from the scope and spirit of the system or method.

The system and method described herein does not simply divide shaftflexibility into two general categories, i.e., one flexibility fordrivers and woods, and a second for irons and wedges. Instead, thesystem and method teaches an entirely new and unique approach that eachshaft used in a set of clubs may be optimized for each specific club bycustom fitting the individual golfer for each club—depending upon theswing speed, skill level of the golfer, desired distance, and desiredaccuracy. Thus, each individual shaft in a set of golf clubs may beindividually custom fit, and further, the shafts will often represent acontinuum of flexibilities. Still further, the present system and methodteaches that the nature of this continuum of flexibilities will,preferably, be different among golfers of low, medium and high skilllevels and/or having slow, medium or high swing speeds.

The system and method relate to methods for optimizing the flexibilityof each shaft that is used in a set of golf clubs. In a first preferredembodiment, the approximate swing speed of the golfer for a particulargolf club or set of clubs will be determined. There are several methodswell-known in the art that can be used to measure the approximate swingspeed of a golfer. Based on the golfer's estimated swing speed for aparticular club or set of clubs, an appropriate category of golf clubshafts is selected from two or more categories.

Each of the two or more categories of golf club shafts, preferably,employ a unique range of shaft flexibility. The range of flexibilityexhibited by categories of golf club shafts optimized for golfers withhigh swing speeds will, generally, be greater than the range offlexibility exhibited by categories of golf club shafts optimized forgolfers with relatively slower swing speeds. The system and method mayemploy an unlimited number of categories of shafts, wherein eachcategory of shafts is considered to be optimized for a specific range ofswing speeds. That is, one embodiment of the system and method providesfor two categories of shafts to be considered when optimizing shaftflexibility for a set of shafts, wherein one category is, for example,appropriate for golfers with “high swing speeds” and the other optimizedfor golfers with “medium and low swing speeds.” Alternatively, by way ofexample only, another embodiment of the system and/or method providesthat as many as fifty (50) categories of shafts may be considered whenoptimizing shaft flexibility for a set of shafts, wherein one categoryis appropriate for golfers having swing speeds of 70 miles per hour(m.p.h.) or below, another category for golfers having swing speedsbetween 70-71 m.p.h., another for 71-72 m.p.h., and so on; up to swingspeeds of 120 m.p.h. or above. In sum, the system and method is notlimited to any number of categories of shafts for a set of clubs;rather, any number of categories of shafts can be used. The range offlexibility exhibited by the sets of shafts that comprise each categorymay increase in relation to the swing speeds for which each category isoptimized, wherein the range of flexibility accorded to each categoryincreases as the corresponding swing speeds for which such categories ofshafts are optimized increase.

The difference in the range of flexibility exhibited by the sets ofshafts that comprise each category, in one preferred embodiment, may beconsistent or irregular. To illustrate this point, FIGS. 1 and 2 show aplurality of sets of golf club shafts that are, preferably, optimizedfor at least five (5) different swing speeds. In each example, thevariance in flexibility among the shafts that comprise each category isconsistent, i.e., the variance in flexibility among the several shaftsthat comprise each category is linear. Thus, the range of flexibilityexhibited by the several sets of shafts, which consist of the sameamount and type of clubs, that comprise each category can be estimatedin FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, by calculating the approximate slope(“m”) of each line shown therein. Of course, the absolute value of theslope (“m”) values accorded to each category can be compared toascertain the relative difference in range of shaft flexibilityexhibited by the several categories. Alternatively, those skilled in theart will appreciate that the range of flexibility exhibited by theseveral shafts that comprise each category can be estimated by simplycalculating the difference in flex between the clubs of a set having thelowest and highest loft.

In FIG. 1, the range of flexibility exhibited by each set of shafts thatcomprise the five different categories varies. That is, the range offlexibility exhibited by each category of shafts, which is representedby the slope (“m”) value, is not the same. As shown in FIG. 1, theestimated range of flexibility for category A is represented by a slopeof m=−0.02; whereas, for example, the estimated range of flexibility forcategory D is represented by a slope of m=−0.10. Thus, the severalcategories of golf club shafts shown in FIG. 1 do not exhibit the samerange of flexibility within each category.

As stated, the difference in the range of flexibility exhibited by thesets of shafts that comprise each category, in one preferred embodiment,may be consistent or irregular. In FIG. 1, for example, the differencein the range of flexibility between category A and B is shown to beapproximately “Δm=−0.01,” whereas the difference in range of flexibilitybetween category C and D is estimated to be “Δm=−0.05.” Thus, in FIG. 1,the difference in the range of flexibility exhibited by each category ofshafts is irregular. It should be appreciated by those skilled in theart that the difference in the range of flexibility exhibited by theseveral categories of shafts could, alternatively, be consistent. FIG. 2provides a non-limiting example of such an embodiment, wherein the rangeof flexibility exhibited by each set of shafts that comprise the fivedifferent categories varies as represented by the different slope (“m”)values, wherein this variability is consistent among the five categoriesof shafts as represented by the same Δm values.

Still further, the variance in flexibility among the shafts thatcomprise any given category of shafts may be consistent or irregular.For example, the amount of difference in shaft flexibility between the3-iron and 4-iron, the 4-iron and 5-iron, and so on may be substantiallythe same, or, alternatively, the amount of difference in shaftflexibility between the various shafts that form a set or irons, forexample, may be different. The variance in flexibility among the shaftsthat comprise each of the categories of shafts shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,for example, is consistent. Thus, as described earlier, the range inflexibility among the plurality of shafts that comprise each category ofshafts can be linearly represented.

The system and method further provide that the variance in shaftflexibility among the several shafts that comprise each category may beirregular. For example, the difference in shaft flexibilities, if any,among the “short-irons” may be more subtle than the difference in shaftflexibilities among the “long-irons.” By way of example only, FIG. 3illustrates five categories of shafts that exhibit such characteristics.In this embodiment, the variance in flexibility among the severalrespective shafts that comprise each category may be consistent orirregular. For example, the amount of difference in shaft flexibilityamong the 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-irons shown in FIG. 3 is substantially thesame for categories A through E.

Alternatively, however, the difference in shaft flexibility amongrespective clubs of two or more categories may be irregular. As shown inFIG. 4, for example, the difference in shaft flexibility among the 3-,4-, 5- and 6-irons for category A is significantly less than thedifference among the same irons for category E. Consistent with otherpreferred embodiments described herein, the range of flexibilityexhibited by the sets of shafts that comprise each category will,preferably, increase in relation to the swing speeds for which eachcategory is optimized, wherein the range of flexibility accorded to eachcategory increases as the corresponding swing speeds for which suchcategories of shafts are optimized increase.

When the variance in shaft flexibility among the several shafts thatcomprise each category is irregular, the range of flexibility for eachcategory can be estimated by simply calculating the difference in flexbetween the clubs having the lowest and highest loft, e.g., between the3-iron and wedge, the 1-iron and wedge, the driver (1-wood) and wedge,etc. FIG. 5 illustrates this non-limiting example of how one skilled inthe art may estimate the range of flexibility exhibited by severalshafts that comprise a category of shafts.

FIG. 6 provides a non-limiting example of another embodiment of thesystem and method in which five categories of shafts may be optimizedfor golfers who are capable of the various swing speeds shown therein.Consistent with the foregoing, the range of flexibility exhibited by theset of shafts shown in FIG. 6 to be optimized for golfers with highswing speeds, identified as “E,” is greater than the range offlexibility exhibited by the category of shafts shown to be optimizedfor average swing speeds, identified as “C.” Likewise, the range offlexibility exhibited by the category of shafts shown in FIG. 6 to beoptimized for golfers with average swing speeds is greater than therange of flexibility exhibited by the category of shafts shown to beoptimized for slow swing speeds, identified as “A.” Still further, FIG.6 shows two intermediate levels of swing speeds, labeled “average-slow”and “average-high” swing speeds, or “B” and “D,” respectively.

The various categories of swing speeds presented in FIG. 6 areidentified as such for purposes of illustration only. Of course, thoseskilled in the art may simply categorize various swing speedsnumerically. For example, swing speeds of 110 miles per hour (“m.p.h.”)or higher may be considered “high,” swing speeds ranging from 100-110m.p.h. may be considered “average-high,” swing speeds ranging from90-100 m.p.h. may be considered “average,” swing speeds ranging from80-90 m.p.h. may be considered “average-slow,” and swing speeds below 80m.p.h. may be considered “slow.”

In another preferred embodiment, the system and method provide methodsof optimizing sets of shafts, wherein the relative skill level of eachgolfer for which any given set of golf club shafts will be optimized isconsidered. There are several methods well-known in the art to measurethe approximate skill level of a golfer. A non-limiting example mayinvolve the handicap system developed and managed by the United StatesGolf Association (“USGA”). For example, golfers with handicaps at orbelow 6 may be considered “highly skilled,” golfers with handicapsbetween 6 and 13 may be considered “average to highly skilled,” golferswith handicaps between 13 and 28 may be considered “average tobelow-average,” and golfers with handicaps greater than 28 may beconsidered “below-average.” Furthermore, in custom fitting a golfer, theindividual golfer may be evaluated for their specific skill andperformance level—whether overall, or club by club.

Based on the golfer's estimated skill level, in one preferredembodiment, an appropriate category of golf club shafts may be selectedfrom two or more categories. Each category of golf club shafts employ aunique range of shaft flexibility, as described above. The range offlexibility exhibited by categories of golf club shafts optimized forgolfers of high skill levels, generally, is greater than the range offlexibility exhibited by categories of golf club shafts optimized forgolfers of relatively lower skill levels.

Of course, this embodiment will also employ an unlimited number ofcategories of shafts that are optimized for a plurality of skill levels.FIG. 7 illustrates a non-limiting example of such categories. Consistentwith the foregoing, the range of flexibility exhibited by the categoryof shafts shown in FIG. 7 to be optimized for golfers of high skilllevels, identified as “E,” is greater than the category of shafts shownto be optimized for average skill levels, identified as “C.” Likewise,the range of flexibility exhibited by the category of shafts shown inFIG. 7 to be optimized for golfers of average skill levels is greaterthan the category of shafts shown to be optimized for low skill levels,identified as “A.” Still further, FIG. 7 shows two intermediate skilllevels, labeled “average-low” and “average-high” skill levels, or “B”and “D,” respectively. Thus, it should be clear to those skilled in theart that this embodiment encompasses an unlimited number of categoriesof shafts, which may be optimized for a plurality of skill levels.

In a further preferred embodiment, the system and method provide methodsof optimizing sets of shafts as described above, wherein a plurality offactors related to each golfer for which any given set of shafts may beoptimized are considered. Such factors may comprise, preferably, eachgolfer's swing speed and skill level. The plurality of factors, ofcourse, may further include each golfer's height, age, gender, preferredshaft composition, length and diameter, and any other factors known inthe art that may be considered when designing golf club shafts.

In addition to optimizing the range of flexibility exhibited by eachcategory of shafts, the system and method, preferably, in severalembodiments, provide methods of identifying the appropriate levels offlex over which the optimum range of flexibility should span. The levelsof flex over which the optimum range of flexibility may span for golferswith relatively higher swing speeds will, generally, be lower than thelevels of flex over which the optimum range of flexibility may span forgolfers with relatively slower swing speeds. FIG. 6 illustrates thistrend. For example, the levels of flex over which the set of shaftsshown in FIG. 6 to be optimized for golfers with high swing speeds,identified as “E,” spans from approximately 2.2 to 1.0 inches, whereasthe category of shafts shown to be optimized for average swing speeds,identified as “C,” spans from 3.6 to 3.2 inches. Thus, the levels offlex over which category E spans are lower than the levels of flex overwhich category C spans.

Similarly, the levels of flex over which the optimum range offlexibility may span for golfers of relatively higher skill are,generally, lower than the levels of flex over which the optimum range offlexibility may span for golfers of relatively lower skill. For example,the levels of flex over which the set of shafts shown in FIG. 7 to beoptimized for golfers of relatively high skill, identified as “E,” spansfrom approximately 2.2 to 1.0 inches, whereas the category of shaftsshown to be optimized for golfers of average skill, identified as “C,”spans from 3.6 to 3.2 inches. Thus, the levels of flex over whichcategory E spans are lower than the levels of flex over which category Cspans. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any of theunlimited number of categories of shafts described herein, which may beoptimized for any of a plurality of golfers, may adhere this trend, or,alternatively, may not. In short, the preferred embodiments of thesystem and method do not require that the two or more categories ofshafts described herein follow this trend without exception.

The preferred embodiments described herein may be applied to optimizeany number of shafts for an entire set of clubs, or, alternatively, forless than an entire set of clubs. For example, the methods describedherein may be applied to optimize the shafts that may comprise thefollowing: (i) driver, 3-wood and 3-iron through 5-iron; (ii) 3-ironthrough sand wedge; or (iii) any combination of clubs that may compriseat least a part of a set of clubs.

In various preferred embodiments described herein, the range offlexibility exhibited by the sets of shafts that comprise each category,generally, increase in relation to the swing speeds and/or skill levelsfor which each category is optimized, wherein the range of flexibilityaccorded to each category increases as the corresponding swing speedsand/or skill levels for which such categories of shafts are optimizedincrease. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that theforegoing trend may be applied to any range of shaft flexibility. InFIGS. 1-7, for example, the general range of flexibility within whichthe several categories of shafts exist is limited to 0-5 inches. Thisgeneral range is provided only to illustrate the preferred embodimentsof the system and method. The general range of flexibility within whichtwo or more categories of shafts exist may span less than 5 inches, or,alternatively, more than 5 inches. Furthermore, the relative flexibilityof each shaft that comprises each category of shafts can be measuredusing any method and metric known in the art.

Still further, the system and method provide sets of golf clubs thatinclude a plurality of shafts that exhibit a range of flexibility, whichare optimized in accordance with the methods and embodiments describedherein. For example, the system and method provide golf club shafts thatare optimized for (i) any of a plurality of swing speeds, (ii) golfersexhibiting any of a plurality of skill levels, or (iii) golfersexhibiting any specific combination of skill and swing speed.

In an exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a method 1300 to provide amatched set of golf clubs comprises: determining an individual'spreference of golf club shaft flexure (block 1310), providing aplurality of golf club shafts comprising different flexures (block1320), matching the individual's preference of the golf club shaftflexure with data from a measurement of the flexure of the plurality ofgolf club shafts (block 1350), and selecting corresponding golf clubshafts (block 1360). The process of providing a plurality of golf clubshafts comprising different flexures (block 1320) can comprise providingshafts comprising lengths that correspond to specific golf club heads.

For example, and with reference to chart 800 of FIG. 8, one embodimentof providing a plurality of golf club shafts comprising differentflexures (block 1320 in FIG. 13) is illustrated by the flex matchingchart showing a linear relationship between four sets of flex matchedgolf clubs. Line 810 shows one set of flex matched shafts; line 820shows a second set of flex matched shafts; line 830 shows a third set offlex matched shafts; and line 840 shows a fourth set of flex matchedshafts. Moreover, each line shows how the golf club shafts associatewith each line. For example, shafts 801, 802, and 803 correspond to agolf club shaft set represented by line 810. FIG. 8 also depicts thevarious golf club shaft sets having the same slope. Other embodimentscan comprise flex matched shafts comprising a linear relationship, buttwo or more different slopes, as illustrated in the previous figures.

The golf club shafts of FIG. 8 are plotted as flex of the shaft or shaftdisplacement under a fixed weight or load versus length of the shaft. Inone embodiment, the different lengths of golf club shafts can berepresentative of the different golf clubs described with reference tothe previous figures. As can be seen with reference to chart 900 of FIG.9, the linear relationship of the sets of golf club shafts in FIG. 8changes when those same sets of golf club shafts are plotted byoscillation frequency of the shaft versus length of the shaft. Inparticular, the frequency to length relationship comprises a line havingan order greater than one and can be represented by a fourth orderquadratic equation, among other non-linear equations. The golf clubshafts along lines 910, 920, 930, and 940 in FIG. 9 correspond to or arethe same golf club shafts along lines 810, 820, 830, and 840,respectively, in FIG. 8.

Also, FIG. 12 shows an exemplary non-linear relationship between flexand frequency. In particular, FIG. 12 shows the relationship representedby a fourth order quadratic equation, but in other embodiments, therelationship can be represented by other non-linear equations.

Among the various embodiments described herein, the term “flex” or“flexure” is used to described a characteristic of the various sets ofgolf club shafts, and/or their relationships to one another. Flex orflexure as recited herein refers to the degree of flex (or positiondisplacement) a golf club shaft exhibits when a known force is exertedupon a portion of the golf club shaft. For example, the various golfclub shafts can have a fixed or predetermined mass attached to one endof a shaft while the shaft is clamped in a horizontal position. Thedisplacement (flex) of the shaft end due to the attached mass can thenbe measured and recorded as data. Other exemplary embodiments cancomprise the mass attached at other portions of a shaft as well. Theshaft can also be clamped in a vertical position, and a predetermined orknown force can be applied in a “push” or “pull” manner, and thedisplacement (flex) of the shaft can be similarly measured and recordedas data.

Moreover, any other embodiments that allow the displacement (flex) of ashaft to be measured as a result of an applied predetermined or knownforce, is contemplated by this disclosure. For example, a tip flexmethod can be used to measure the flex at the tip of the shaft where thetip end of the shaft is clamped while measuring a deflection of theopposite butt end of the shaft. Additionally, a butt flex method can beused to measure the flex at the butt end of the shaft where the butt endof the shaft is clamped while measuring a deflection of the opposite tipend of the shaft. Other variations can include, among other things,clamping the shaft at a midpoint and measuring the deflection at one orboth of the tip and butt ends.

This disclosure also discusses the oscillation frequency characteristicsof a shaft, and such discussions are generally directed towardscomparing such oscillation frequency characteristic to the flexcharacteristic. The oscillation frequency characteristic as discussedherein, generally describes the oscillation a golf club shaft exhibitswhen a known or predetermined force is applied to a portion of a golfclub shaft, and the force is released thereby allowing the shaft tooscillate. The number of cycles per minute (“CPM”) are then measured andplotted, such as the plot illustrated in FIG. 9. In some exemplaryembodiments, to measure oscillation frequency, instead of applying aknown or predetermined force, some oscillations can be initiated bydisplacing a portion of the shaft a fixed displacement, for example bydisplacing a shaft end 8 centimeters and then releasing. In any event,this disclosure contemplates matching a set of golf club shafts bymatching a linear flex-matched set of golf club shafts, as opposed to alinear frequency-matched set of golf club shafts. As seen from FIGS. 8,9, and 12, a linearly flex-matched set of golf club shafts will producea non-linearly frequency-matched set of golf club shafts.

Continuing with the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 13, method 1300 canfurther comprise: measuring the flexure of the plurality of golf clubshafts (block 1330), and storing data from the flexure measurement ofthe plurality of golf club shafts (block 1340). As just described, FIG.8 illustrates such data stored from the flexure measurement. The processof measuring the flexure of the plurality of golf club shafts (block1330 in FIG. 13) can comprise applying a fixed force to a portion ofeach of the plurality of golf club shafts (block 1432 in FIG. 14) andmeasuring a deflection of the portion of each of the plurality of golfclub shafts (block 1434 in FIG. 14), as described above. The process ofstoring the data from the measurement of flexure of the plurality ofgolf club shafts (block 1340 in FIG. 13) can comprise plotting thelength of each of the plurality of golf club shafts versus the measureddeflection of the portion of each of the plurality of golf club shafts(block 1542 in FIG. 15), again, as shown in FIG. 8.

The process of matching the individual's preferences of the golf clubshaft flexure with the data from the measurement of the flexure of theplurality of golf club shafts (block 1350 in FIG. 13) can compriseplotting the individual's preference of the golf club shaft flexure foreach shaft in a set of golf clubs (block 1652 in FIG. 16), andoverlaying the individual's preference of the golf club shaft flexurefor each shaft in the set of golf clubs with the data (block 1654 inFIG. 16). For example, with reference to chart 1100 of FIG. 11, lines1170, 1172, and 1174 comprise three different individuals' preferencesfor flexure. Line 1170 represents flexure preferences for oneindividual; line 1172 represents flexure preferences for a secondindividual; and line 1174 represents flexure preferences for a thirdindividual. It is clear from this chart that, as expected, differentindividuals have different preferences. Thus, to select the proper setof golf club shafts for an individual, the individual's preferences forflexure can be overlayed with the various sets of measured golf clubshafts. For example, the preference of line 1170 in FIG. 11 can beoverlayed with the golf club shaft sets depicted by one or more of lines810, 820, 830, and 840 in FIG. 8. The line in FIG. 8 that corresponds ina substantially similar fashion (i.e., having substantially the sameslope and y-intercept) to the line for the individual's preferences forflexure represents the set of golf club shafts that is properly matchedto the individual. In a different embodiment, a set of shafts can bespecifically manufactured to match the individual's preferences forshaft flex versus shaft length.

The process of selecting corresponding golf club shafts (block 1360 inFIG. 13) can be based on the matching process of block 1350 (asdescribed above with reference to FIG. 13) and can also compriseselecting the corresponding golf club shaft from the data within apredetermined delta value between the data and the overlayedindividual's preference of the golf club shaft flexure for each shaft inthe set of golf clubs (block 1762 in FIG. 17). With respect to datastored within a predetermined delta value, reference is made to chart1000 of FIG. 10. Line 810 in FIG. 10 shows a linear flex matched set ofgolf club shafts, wherein exemplary shafts are shown by points 1050 onthe graph. Furthermore, it can be seen how the various shafts 1050 liewith a predetermined delta value 1060 of line 810 due to manufacturingvariations while still meeting or approximating the linear flexrequirement of line 810. As an example, predetermined delta value 1060can be one or two standard deviations from line 810, or anotherpredetermined band.

Continuing with the exemplary embodiment, the process of determining theindividual's preference of golf club shaft flexure (block 1310 in FIG.13) can comprise: providing the individual with the plurality of golfclubs comprising various flex characteristics (block 1812 in FIG. 18),allowing the individual to select his preference for each golf clubamong the plurality of golf clubs during simulated use (block 1814 inFIG. 18), and storing the individual's preference data for each golfclub (block 1816 in FIG. 18), wherein the individual's preferences thatare stored are again shown in FIG. 11.

Among various exemplary embodiments, the process of providing theindividual with the plurality of golf clubs comprising various flexcharacteristics (block 1812 in FIG. 18) can comprise providing theindividual with a plurality of drivers, woods, hybrids, and irons, andcan also comprise providing multiple (e.g., four) types of golf clubshaft stiffnesses.

In another exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 19, method 1900 to selecta matched set of golf club shafts based upon normalized flex comprises:providing a plurality of golf club shafts (block 1910); determining alinear length to flex relationship among the plurality of golf clubshafts (block 1950); and selecting a set of golf club shafts that meetsor approximates the linear length to flex relationship (block 1960). Themethod can further comprise: measuring a flex of the plurality of golfclub shafts (block 1920); storing data from the measurement of the flexof the plurality of golf club shafts (block 1930); and providing alinear slope among the plurality of golf club shafts (block 1940).Again, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of golf club shafts is shown withthe measured linear length to flex relationship determined among themand stored as data points.

In an exemplary embodiment, a matched set of golf clubs can comprise aplurality of golf club shafts determined by: a flexure measurement of aplurality of golf club shafts; data stored from the flexure measurementof the plurality of golf club shafts; and a match between the data andan individual's preference for golf club shaft flex. The matched set ofgolf clubs can also comprise a plurality of golf club heads coupled to aset of the plurality of golf club shafts.

In another exemplary embodiment, a matched set of golf clubs comprises:a first golf club comprising a first shaft comprising a first length anda first flexure, a second golf club comprising a second shaft comprisinga second length and a second flexure, and a third golf club comprising athird shaft comprising a third length and a third flexure. The firstflexure, the second flexure, and the third flexure can correspond to alinear flexure-to-shaft length relationship and/or a linearflexure-to-club relationship. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the firstshaft can corresponds to shaft 801, the second shaft can correspond toshaft 802, and the third shaft can correspond to shaft 803. Line 810illustrates the linear relationship between shafts 801, 802, and 803.

The matched set of golf club shafts can also comprise the linear flexurerelationship that substantially satisfies a shaft equation y=mx+b for aline, wherein, y comprises a flexure value, for example y-value 806, xcomprises a shaft length value, for example x-value 807, m comprises aslope of the relationship between the flexure value and the lengthvalue, for example slope 808, and b comprises a y-intercept, for exampley-intercept value 809. In this exemplary embodiment, the matched set ofgolf clubs comprises the shaft equation to comprise a substantiallysimilar shaft slope and substantially similar shaft y-intercept to anindividual's preferred shaft equation, slope, and y-intercept (i.e., bymatching an individual's preference line, such as a line from FIG. 11with a corresponding line in FIG. 8).

Similar to other exemplary embodiments, the matched set of golf clubscan comprise the first shaft, the second shaft, and the third shaft tocorrespond to specific golf club heads. Furthermore, the matched set ofgolf clubs can comprise the first shaft, the second shaft, and the thirdshaft to comprise shafts for a plurality of drivers, woods, hybrids, orirons.

Of course, the golf club shafts described and claimed herein can be madeof steel, graphite, steel and graphite, or any other composition byitself or in combination with others known in the art to be useful inproducing and/or designing golf club shafts. Furthermore, the shaftsdescribed and claimed herein can be manufactured and/or mass producedusing any method known in the art today or discovered hereafter.

The many aspects and benefits of the system and method are apparent fromthe detailed description, and thus, it is intended for the followingclaims to cover all such aspects and benefits of the system and methodwhich fall within the scope and spirit of the system and method. Inaddition, because numerous modifications and variations will be obviousand readily occur to those skilled in the art, the claims should not beconstrued to limit the system and method to the exact construction andoperation illustrated and described herein.

For example, although specific golf club names are used, the disclosureis not limited to such golf club names. In particular, although a 3-ironis shown in the figures and described herein, it is understood that theterm “3-iron” is not limited to only a golf club called a 3-iron.Instead, the term “3-iron” can include one or more equivalent clubs suchas, for example, a 21-degree hybrid club. Similarly, the disclosed“4-iron” can include one or more equivalent clubs such as, for example,a 24-degree hybrid, and the disclosed “sand wedge” can include one ormore equivalent clubs such as, for example, a 60-degree wedge. Otherequivalents are also contemplated herein.

Furthermore, although not expressly identified above, other golf clubscan be used with this system and method. For example, a lob wedge can beadded to the far right-hand portion of each of the graphs in FIGS. 1-11,where the lob wedge has a shorter golf club shaft length than the sandwedge. Accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents should beunderstood to fall within the scope of the system and method as claimedherein.

1. A method to provide a set of golf clubs comprising: determining an individual's preference of golf club shaft flexure; providing a plurality of golf club shafts comprising different flexures; matching the individual's preference of the golf club shaft flexure with data from measurements of flexure of the plurality of golf club shafts; and selecting corresponding golf club shafts based on matching the individual's preference of the golf club shaft flexure with the data from the measurements of flexure of the plurality of golf club shafts.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: measuring the flexure of the plurality of golf club shafts; and storing the data from the measurement of flexure of the plurality of golf club shafts.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein a linear relationship exists between the flexure of the corresponding golf club shafts and a length of the corresponding golf club shafts.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the corresponding golf club shafts are for a set of golf clubs comprising a 3-iron, a 4-iron, a 5-iron, a 6-iron, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, a 9-iron, a pitching wedge, and a sand wedge.
 5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the corresponding golf club shifts are for a set of golf clubs comprising a 6-iron, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, a 9-iron, a pitching wedge, and a sand wedge; the set of golf clubs arc a portion of a group of golf clubs; and the group of golf clubs comprises the set of golf clubs, a 3-iron, a 4-iron, and a 5-iron.
 6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the corresponding golf club shafts are for a set of golf clubs comprising a 3-iron, a 4-iron, a 5-iron, and a 6-iron; the set of golf clubs are a portion of a group of golf clubs; and the group of golf clubs comprises the set of golf clubs, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, a 9-iron, a pitching wedge, and a sand wedge.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein a non-linear relationship exists between a frequency of the corresponding golf club shafts and a length of the corresponding golf club shafts.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a range of the flexure of the corresponding golf club shafts is greater when the individual has a higher golf club swing speed than when the individual has a lower golf club swing speed.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein a range of the flexure of the corresponding golf club shafts is greater when the individual has a higher skill level than when the individual has a lower golf club skill level.
 10. A method to select a set of golf club shafts comprising: providing a plurality of golf club shafts; determining a linear golf club shaft length to golf club shaft flex relationship; and selecting a set of golf club shafts from the plurality of golf club shafts that approximates the linear golf club shaft length to golf club shaft flex relationship.
 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: measuring a golf club shaft flex of the plurality of golf club shafts; and storing data from the measurement of the golf club shaft flex of the plurality of golf club shafts.
 12. The method of claim 10, wherein selecting the set of golf club shafts comprises providing golf club shafts within the set of golf club shafts to comprise different lengths that correspond to different golf club heads.
 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of golf club shafts comprises a non-linear golf club shaft length to golf club shaft oscillation frequency relationship.
 14. The method of claim 11, wherein: the golf club shaft flex of the set of golf club shafts is higher for a slower golf club swing speed than for a faster golf club swing speed.
 15. The method of claim 10, wherein: a range of the golf club shaft flex of the set of golf club shafts is higher for a slower golf club swing speed than for a faster golf club swing speed.
 16. The method of claim 10, wherein: the golf club shaft flex of the set of golf club shafts is smaller for a higher skill level than for a lower skill level.
 17. The method of claim 10, wherein: a range of the golf club shaft flex of the set of golf club shafts is higher for a higher skill level than for a lower skill level.
 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of golf club shafts is for a set of golf clubs comprising a 3-iron, a 4-iron, a 1-iron, a 6-iron, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, and a 9-iron.
 19. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of golf club shafts is for a set of golf clubs comprising a 6-iron, a 7-iron, an 8-iron, and a 9-iron.
 20. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of golf club shafts is for a set of golf clubs comprising a 3-iron, a 4-iron, a 5-iron, and a 6-iron.
 21. A set of golf clubs comprising: a first golf club comprising a first shaft comprising a first length and a first flexure; a second golf club comprising a second shaft comprising a second length and a second flexure; a third golf club comprising a third shaft comprising a third length and a third flexure; wherein: the first flexure, the first length, the second flexure, the second length, the third flexure, and the third length approximate a linear flexure-to-length relationship.
 22. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein: the linear flexure-to-length relationship substantially satisfies an equation y=mx+b; y comprises a flexure value; x comprises a shaft length value; m comprises a slope of the equation y=mx+b; b comprises a y-intercept; y is plotted along a vertical axis with increasing values at higher positions along the vertical axis; x is plotted along a horizontal axis with decreasing values at positions further to the right along the horizontal axis; and m comprises a negative number.
 23. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein the first shaft, the second shaft, and the third shaft correspond to different golf club heads within the set of golf clubs.
 24. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein the first shaft, the second shaft, and the third shaft comprise shafts for at least one of drivers, woods, hybrids, and irons.
 25. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein: the first shaft comprises a first frequency; the second shaft comprises a second frequency; the third shaft comprises a third frequency; and the first, second, and third frequencies approximate a non-linear frequency-to-length relationship.
 26. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein a range of flexure for the first, second, and third shafts are greater for a faster golf club swing speed than for a slower golf club swing speed.
 27. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein a range of flexure for the first, second, and third shafts are greater for a higher skill level than for a lower skill level.
 28. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein: the first golf club comprises a 3-iron; the second golf club comprises a 6-iron; and the third golf club comprises a 9-iron.
 29. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein: the first golf club comprises a 7-iron; the second golf club comprises a 8-iron; and the third golf club comprises a 9-iron.
 30. The set of golf clubs of claim 21, wherein: the first golf club comprises a 3-iron; the second golf club comprises a 4-iron; and the third golf club comprises a 1-iron. 